How much will it cost to remediate my site?

Enhanced reductive dechlorination is based on attaining and maintaining control of an aquifer for a period of time sufficient to degrade all constituents of concern and their daughter products. Attaining and maintaining control of an aquifer is highly dependent on the hydrogeology and geochemistry of the site along with the microbial populations present. Since the hydrogeology and geochemistry is different for every site, a blanket cost can not be given for any specific site. In general, enhanced reductive dechlorination will cost less than $10 per cubic yard of media treated on most non-DNAPL sites. This compares with about $60 per cubic yard for excavation (without disposal) and about $90 per cubic yard for chemical oxidation.

Can I reach MCLs with enhanced reductive dechlorination?

In some cases, MCLs can be attained with enhanced reductive dechlorination. Much more frequently, reductions in contaminant mass of one to two orders of magnitude are common.

Do the costs include freight?

Because freight is costed from a warehouse to a delivery point, freight costs are quoted separately. Unless otherwise stated, due to the volatility of the fuels market, freight costs are generally valid for 30 days. Consideration should be given to the receiving facility’s capacity to off load a truck. In situations where the product is delivered to a facility without the capacity to off-load a delivery vehicle, arrangements can be made (for an additional charge) for delivery on a vehicle with a lift gate and pallet jack.

When do I need to reinject?

Reinjection schedules should be based on the geochemistry of an aquifer and not on a calendar schedule. In many cases, multiple injections can be spaced further apart over time.

Will reductive dechlorination work in tight clay?

Since the main goal of adding a substrate to an aquifer is to attain and maintain anaerobic conditions for an extended period of time, because of the limited flows clay sites should be ideal for enhanced reductive dechlorination. In practice, clay sites with adequately spaced injection points usually show very rapid response to substrate addition.

What should my injection spacing be?

Injection spacing should be sufficient to promote robust reductive dechlorination throughout the treatment zone for a time sufficient to attain complete reductive dechlorination. Injection spacing is dependent upon the dissolution rate of the substrate, the dosage, aquifer velocity, and competing electron acceptor and contaminant flux.

LactOil® | JRW Bioremediation

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REFERENCES

Use of Multiple Technologies to Address Contamination at a Former Fire Training Area, Progress to Date

Anthony Tingle, Tarek Ladaa, Robert Mayer, and Brian McInturff (Shaw Environmental, Inc.), Cathy Jerrard (Air Force Real Property Agency), and Robert Zaruba (US Army Corps of Engineers) Seventh International Conference Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California; May 24-27, 2010

Using True Microemulsion Technology to Simplify theDelivery of Vegetable Oil-Based Substrate

Michael R. Sieczkowski (JRW Bioremediation),Seventh International Conference Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California; May 24-27, 2010

In Situ Treatment of Chlorinated Ethenes at the Treasure Island Site 24 Source Area

Michael Yurovsky, P.E. (Shaw E&I) and Scott D. Anderson (NAVFAC) Seventh International Conference Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California; May 24-27, 2010

Fun Facts

In the saturated zone, microemulsion particles will act as colloids. A variety of natural colloids exists, including clays, oxides, minerals, bacteria, and organics, with the concentration ranging from 108 to 1017 particles/L. Factors that affect the distribution of colloids include advection, diffusion, dispersion, and sorption. Straining of particles occurs when the pore throats are too small to allow the particle passage, which can reduce permeability (Bradford, S. et al. 2002. Physical factors affecting the transport and fate of colloids in saturated porous media. Water Resources Research, Vol. 38, no.12, 1327.)

A particle size analysis shows LactOil^® particles are consistently smaller than 1 micron. Small particle size and stability allow for physical transport of material in the aquifer.

pH: buffered to > 6.5
Specific gravity: 0.95 at 20°C
Miscible in water; self-emulsifies
Color: clear brown liquid
Zeta potential: -83.0 mV
Particle size: < 1 micron
Viscosity: 25 cP at 70°F. Temperatures below 50°F will cause the material to become more viscose, and may solidify to the consistency of bacon grease. If this should happen, move the material to a warmer location and mix

Handling

Store unopened under dry conditions at temperatures between 50°F and 85°F.
Diluted product should be used within 3 days to avoid microbial growth and activity which may cause gas buildups in containers and visible growth which may foul equipment.
Following injection of material, wells should be flushed with clean water to prevent microbial growth.

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